This process is in some ways similar to how a high-speed Internet connection operates. This allows SMAP’s radiometer (and, in other frequencies, ground-based radio telescopes) to operate without interference. Scheduled for launch on Jan. 29, 2015, NASA's Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) instrument will measure the moisture lodged in Earth's soils with an unprecedented accuracy and resolution. /Font << endobj ����x��`?����%�K�w[��~D�^��Z��]E#�*���_�ώ���yI' ս7��W|��=��>S�4r:#�g9���=�o�;���Db�P|�?

5 0 obj SMAP will be working with the Texas Soil Observation Network to help water managers in Texas. endstream 55 0 R] /F 4 endobj SMAP’s radiometer, which measures temperatures on Earth’s surface, can do more than previously thought, and the spacecraft remains healthy, scientists say. Mission controllers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, have commanded the 20-foot (6-meter) reflector antenna on NASA's new Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observatory to begin spinning for the first time. << The amount of backscatter that is returned to the radar changes with the amount of moisture in the soil – wetter soil causes more backscatter to reach the radar. endobj /ParentTreeNextKey 8 Once it is in space, the spacecraft is able to determine how it is oriented using specialized sensors, some of which are able to sense the location of the Sun, and others that are able to “see” star patterns, which are compared to a sky catalog stored in its computer. Results of a study reveal that SMAP soil moisture retrievals are generally better than AMSR2 soil moisture data. /A << /Nums [0 [50 0 R 51 0 R 56 0 R 118 0 R 119 0 R 120 0 R 58 0 R 59 0 R 60 0 R 61 0 R A United Launch Alliance Delta II rocket will carry SMAP into orbit.

The results show that, year over year, the SMAP cumulative SM distributions are consistent with the NASS SM conditions and, furthermore, that the temporal evolution of the SMAP‐derived thresholds is consistent with the seasonal crop growth cycles from year to year. application/pdf

11 0 obj This frequency band also allows the radiometer to be not much affected by weather or by a moderate amount of vegetation that may cover the soil.

9 0 obj 24 0 R] NASA Television coverage of the launch will begin at 4 a.m. PST (7 a.m. EST).

Precipitation comes from clouds, clouds are formed of airborne water vapor, and vapor comes from evaporating soil moisture -- so soil moisture governs precipitation. Mission controllers at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, today sent commands to unfurl the massive 20-foot-wide (6-meter) reflector antenna on NASA's new Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observator.
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/Header /Sect SMAP, or Soil Moisture Active Passive, is an Earth satellite mission that measures and maps Earth's soil moisture and freeze/thaw state to better understand terrestrial water, carbon and energy cycles.

At launch, the Observatory weighed a little over one ton (2,086 pounds), of which about 179 pounds was propellant stored in the spacecraft’s propellant tank. 3 0 obj SMAP May Help, Technology Innovations Spin NASA's SMAP into Space, New NASA satellite should help scientists better predict rain, drought, How Underground Sensors In Texas Will Help NASA Predict Drought and Floods, Soil moisture mapper fueled for January launch, SMAP Earth Mission Launch No Earlier than Saturday, NASA SMAP Images Show Progression of Spring Thaw in Northern Hemisphere, NASA Celebrates Earth Day with Public Events, Online Activities, How Dry Is Texas? /Producer <4D6963726F736F6674AE204F666669636520576F72642032303037> /F1 25 0 R
>> News from the fourth Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAPEx-4) field campaign, carried out in Yanco, NSW, Australia, from May 1-23, 2015.

/Kids [6 0 R 7 0 R 8 0 R 9 0 R] With this great difference between wet and dry soils, the radiometer allows SMAP to produce very high soil moisture accuracy (4%) by simply measuring the microwave ‘temperature’ of the land surface. The 14.6 rpm spin rate is set to insure that the radar and radiometer measurement timing produce continuous measurements around the circle. The launch of NASA’s Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) observatory has been delayed to a targeted launch date of Jan. 31, pending completion of minor repairs to the United Launch Alliance Delta II launch vehicle.

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