This information is part of a full datasheet available in the Crop Protection Compendium (CPC).Find out more information on how to access the CPC. Holm L, Doll J, Holm E, Pancho J, Herberger J, 1997. In: Pieterse AH, Verkleij JAC, ter Borg SJ, eds, Biology and management of Orobanche. Stapf O, 1906. Tropical Pest Management, 38:127-130. The risk of introduction is not high, as O. minor is not an especially frequent weed of crops and, even when it is, the chances of contamination of crop seed is moderate or low. Control of Striga and Orobanche species, https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Kropac Z, 1973. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift, 73(1):27-37. on Crymlyn Burrows. Orobanche aegyptiaca, O. ramosa, O. crenata, O. cumana and O. minor are economically damaging species. Proceedings of the Seventh International Parasitic Weed Symposium, Nantes, 2001, 258-261. Parker C, 1992. Ethiopia, 1985. Addis Abeba, Ethiopia: Ethiopian Weed Science Council, 53-55. Musselman LJ, Parker C, 1982. A shortened version of the URL, helpful when communicating the URL over email or verbally. Annals of Botany, 84:549-557. The control of broomrape (Orobanche minor) in flue-cured tobacco. (55.9 cm) tall. Joint Action to Control Orobanche in the WANA Region. Damage from O. crenata on faba bean may be greater than this under dry conditions, apparently due to some enhancement of drought stress, but this has not been reported for O. minor. Stroud A, Parker C, 1989. Glyphosate can be used for control of O. crenata in faba bean and some other crops if applied at low rates ( Garcia-Torres, 1994 ). Current address: Department of Weed Research, Newe Ya'ar Research Center, P.O. It has a long history of introduction into the U.S.; most of the introduced populations have not persisted, but in the last 15 years several active populations have been discovered. Wallingford, UK; CAB International, xx + 332 pp. Fungi occurring on Orobanche spp. a training course on how to identify branched broomrape and report it. Information about this pest can be found on the broomrape: declared pest page. After germination and attachment to a host root, a tuberous 'nodule' develops, usually covered in 'crown roots', short roots up to 1-2 cm long of uncertain function. 2. in legumes and sunflower (Helinanthus annuus L.). Preliminary host ranges of some strains of economically important broomrapes (Orobanche). Southwood OR, 1971. CABI, Undated. Tokyo, Japan: Zennokyo. In: Teylorson RB, ed. (55.9 cm) tall. INTRODUCTIONHoloparasitic angiosperms of the genus Orobanche (the broomrapes) have long been problematic weeds in the regions surrounding the Mediterranean (Pieterse 1979). Kojic M, Masirevic S, Jovanovic D, 2001. Jones M, 1991. In: Ransom JK, Musselman LJ, Worsham AD, Parker C, eds. A weed identification guide for Ethiopia. The fleshy stem is yellow to straw colored and sticky. Problems and Control of Parasitic Weeds in Ethiopia. Online Database. Yoneyama K, Takeuchi Y, Yokota T, 2001. Weed Science, 28(3):312-316 Jacobsohn R, Marcus R, 1988. Garcia-Torres L, Castejon-Munoz M, Lopez-Granados F, Jurado-Exposito M, 1995. 462-468. In O. cernua (including O. cumana), the flowers are similar in size to those of O. minor, but when fresh they are clearly distinguished by the contrast between a white tube and deeply coloured lobes. Colour mainly pale whitish but with varying amounts of purple concentrated along the veins. Carol Mallory-smith. There is some tendency to association with alkaline soils but the local importance of O. minor on tobacco suggests that this is not a strict limitation. Orobanche minor seed must be stimulated by host plant exudates for germination and attachment to occur. It attaches to the roots of broadleaf hosts (especially Trifolium spp.). Stace C, 1991. Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl. are weedy root parasites that represent a major constraint for faba bean (Vicia faba) cultivation in the Mediterranean area.Control methods are being developed that comprise techniques ranging from agronomical practices to precision farming, including chemical and biological control, genetic and induced resistance, modelling, and … Rome, Italy: Food and Agriculture Organization. IV Section II Hydrophyllaceae to Pedalineae, 462-468. Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on parasitic flowering plants Marburg, German Federal Republic, 637-664, Rumsey FJ, Jury SL, 1991. Orobanche and Alectra species in Ethiopia. Email Pest and Disease Information Service (PaDIS), Reporting weeds using MyPestGuide™ Reporter, APVMA: Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority, Biosecurity and Agriculture Management Act, Western Australia's agriculture and food sector, Casual, short-term employment and work experience, REPORT THE PRESENCE OF THIS PEST BEFORE UNDERTAKING CONTROL. Weikersheim, Germany: Margraf Verlag, 197-204. World weeds: natural histories and distribution. Flowers pinkish, yellow or white in color and arranged in an elongated … Stigma 2-lobed, reddish-brown, rarely yellow. Orobanche minor is a weed that parasitizes red clover. JED B. COLQUHOUN, HANAN EIZENBERG, and CAROL A. MALLORY-SMITH "Herbicide Placement Site Affects Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Control in Red Clover," Weed Technology 20(2), 356-360, (1 April 2006). (Oversikt over Orobanche, snyltrotslaktet, i Sverige.). Influence of nitrogen on germination and early development of broomrape (Orobanche spp.). O. minor germination is stimulated by clover root exudates. September 2009; Weed Technology 19(May 2005):411-415; DOI: 10.1614/WT-04 … The fleshy stem is yellow to straw colored and sticky. It has been reported as killing ornamental species including Pelargonium x hortorum and Campanula portenschlagiana in Ireland (. Proceedings of the 5th international symposium of parasitic weeds, Nairobi, Kenya, 24-30 June 1991 [edited by Ransom, J.K.; Musselman, L.J. Physiologia Plantarum, 112(1):25-30; 38 ref. The calyx, also glandular-hairy, is variable in form, usually with two pairs of acute, almost subulate lobes divided to about halfway laterally, but sometimes with only two undivided lobes. Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Users of agricultural chemical products must always strictly comply with the directions on the label and the conditions of any permit. Weed Science, 47:2-7. Spelce DL, Musselman LJ, 1981. doi: 10.1614/WS-05-151R.1 CrossRef Full Text | Google Scholar Gilman A V, 1999. Morozov IV, Foy CL, Westwood JH, 2000. Klein O, Kroschel J, 2002. Herbicide-treated crop seeds for control of Orobanche spp. Gardeners Chronicle, 172(13): 23. In: Flora of Tropical Africa Vol. Weed Research Oxford, 39:199-211. However, plant species called false‐hosts can stimulate parasitic seed germination without attachment. In O. minor the stems are un-branched, yellowish-brown, often tinged with purple, generally 30-50 cm tall but sometimes exceeding 100 cm (especially in Ethiopia), glandular-villous or nearly glabrous. Norambuena H, Diaz J, Kroschel J, Klein O, Esacobar S, 2001. Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift. Proceedings of the third international workshop on Orobanche and related Striga research, Amsterdam, Netherlands, November 1993, 614-618. https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomysearch.aspx. The genus Orobanche in Sweden. Report suspected branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) or broomrape species other than O. minor before attempting control. Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) in Oregon and the 3 Rs: Regulation, Research, and Reality - Volume 60 Issue 2 No significant social impact has been reported for O. minor. Beck-Mennagetta G, 1930. Report suspected branched broomrape (Orobanche ramosa) or broomrape species other than O. minor before attempting control. Proceedings of the third international workshop on Orobanche and related Striga research, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 8-12 November 1993 [edited by Pieterse, A.H.; Verkleij, J.A.C. A geographical atlas of world weeds. 2006. The vascular flora of Caledonia County, Vermont, USA. Interestingly, planteose metabolism was identified as a possible target, and nojirimycin (NJ) selectively inhibited the germination of O. minor by intercepting planteose metabolism, although its precise mode of action was unclear. Kraft J, 1979. It attaches to the roots of broadleaf hosts (especially Trifolium spp.). Pest and Disease Information Service (PaDIS). Kraft J, 1979. Chater AO, Webb DA, 1972. These species could be utilized as trap … Westwood JH, Foy CL, 1999. Postemergence Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Control in Red Clover (Trij'olium pratense) Ryan D. Lins, Jed B. Colquhoun, Charles M. Cole, and Carol A. Mallory-Smith Department of Crop and Soil Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331 Accepted for publication in Weed Technology 810 East 10th Street, Lawrence, KS 66044 Wallingford, UK: CABI, CABI, Undated b. CABI Compendium: Status as determined by CABI editor. Flora of Tropical East Africa. Jed Colquhoun. Illustrated Book of Naturalized Plants in Japan., Tokyo, Japan: Zennokyo. Capsule 7-10 mm long, splitting into two valves when ripe, shedding several hundred minute seeds, about 0.3 mm long with coarse reticulate marking. Parasitic weeds of the world: biology and control. Although the other main group of root parasites, Striga spp., are favoured by low soil nitrogen, this is not generally true for Orobanche spp. Apart from yield reduction, O. minor can greatly reduce the value of clover and lucerne seed crops due to the danger of seed contamination. The subsequent seedling is an obligated parasite that must attach quickly to the clover root to withdraw its nutrients. Alectrol and orobanchol, germination stimulants for Orobanche minor, from its host red clover. has been achieved through soil fumigation and herbicide soil and foliar applications (Foy et al. It is the type genus of the broomrape family , … Flora Europaea 3. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Royal Tropical Institute, 611-613, Foy CL, Jain R, Jacobsohn R, 1989. Soil fumigation to kill seeds (methyl bromide or metham sodium). This unique germination process was focused on to identify metabolic pathways required for germination, and to design a selective control strategy. Ethiopia, 1985. O. minor is associated mainly with disturbed areas, crops, roadsides and waste places on a wide range of soil types in temperate and highland tropical areas. IV Section II Hydrophyllaceae to Pedalineae. with Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt., a review. Watsonia, 18(3):257-295. Henderson M, Fourie DMC, Wells MJ, Henderson L, 1987. Dried material shows less contrast, but dissection of the corolla tube shows the stamens of those two species to have glabrous filaments inserted at least 5 mm from the base of the tube. A metabolomic analysis of germinating seeds of clover broomrape, Orobanche minor, was conducted to identify its distinctive metabolites. Control of Egyptian broomrape (Orobanche pgyptiaca) and other weeds by means of solar heating of the soil by polyethylene mulching. In Japan, O. minor was first recorded in 1937. Green-manuring susceptible host crops after germination/attachment of branched broomrape. with Phytomyza orobanchia, a review. O. minor germination is stimulated by clover root exudates. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae, [ed. Cambridge, UK: University Press, 286-293. O. minor on roots of tobacco plant. Published under a … Leaves look like small triangular scales. in various crops with sulfonylurea and imidazolinones herbicides. Larvae of Phytomyza orobanchia (Diptera) in stems of O. minor. USDA-ARS, 2003. Biology and management of Orobanche. However, any contamination that does occur may have serious consequences where it contravenes plant quarantine regulations. Inverse relationships have been noted between the number of Orobanche spp. Kojić M, Maširević S, Jovanović D, 2001. O. minor germination is stimulated by clover root exudates. Small broomrape is an annual, parasitic weed that was discovered recently in Oregon's red clover seed production system. Shimizu N, Morita H, Hirota S, 2001. It has spread to much of the country but has not apparently caused serious concern (K. Yoneyama, Utsunomiya University, Utsunomiya 321-8505, Japan, personal communication). Rhodora. and their preliminary evaluation for Orobanche control. (55.9 cm) tall. Girling DJ, Greathead DJ, Mohyuddin AI, Sankaran T, 1979. Plant Biology, 2(1):34-39; 34 ref. Leaves are represented by alternate brown scales, ovate to lanceolate, acuminate, 6-20 mm long. Please consider upgrading your browser to the latest version or installing a new browser. Gallery: Common names: Small broomrape, hellroot Scientific Name: Orobanche minor Description: Annual; blooms within a week of plant emergence. Early development of O.minor is vulnerable to amino acid inhibition and therefore, a series of invitro, rhizotron, Weedy Orobanche spp. Weed Technology, 9:819-824. In: Turrill WB, Milne-Redhead E, eds. An account of Orobanche L. in Britain and Ireland. Control options can be found below. Carol Mallory-smith. A novel approach to Striga and Orobanche control using synthetic germination stimulants. Imazapyr applied postemergence in sunflower (Helianthus annuus) for broomrape (Orobanche cernua) control. Stamens inserted 2-4 mm from the base of the corolla tube, the filaments often hairy towards the base. Declared Weeds and Alien Invader Plants in South Africa. Trap crops and catch crops are used in the control of some other Orobanche species. Garcia-Torres L, Lopez-Granados F, 1991. More information about modern web browsers can be found at http://browsehappy.com/. Holm LG, Doll J, Holm E, Pancho JV, Herberger JP, 1997. Broomrapes (Orobanche spp. Selective control of Orobanche spp. New Zealand Tobacco Growers Journal, November:10, Frost CC, Musselman LJ, 1979. There are few herbicides that have an adequate margin of selectivity against Orobanche species and none have been developed specifically for control of O. minor. Proceedings of the international workshop on Orobanche research, Obermarchtal, Germany, 19-22 August 1989., 6-17; 18 ref. Orobanchaceae. Shimizu N, Morita H, Hirota S, 2001. Musselman LJ, Parker C, Dixon N, 1981. Kebreab E, Murdoch AJ, 1999. In: Moreno MT, Cubero JI, eds. Control of the germination and early development in parasitic angiosperms. Stem: a mai… Stapf O, 1906. It produces large numbers of tiny seeds that are distributed widely as contaminants in seed or in soil on dirty machinery, clothing and footwear of workers. The inflorescence is an elongated spike, 10-30 cm long (longer in very large specimens) occupying about half the mature stem. Jacobsohn R, 1984. O. minor parasitizes numerous species in a wide range of plant families, predominantly Leguminosae [Fabaceae], Umbelliferae, Solanaceae and Compositae [Asteraceae] but also many others including Malvaceae, Geraniaceae and Rosaceae. ; Worsham, A.D.; Parker, C.] Nairobi, Kenya; CIMMYT (International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center), 447-453. The fleshy stem is yellow to straw colored and sticky. Kroschel J, Klein O, 1999. Orobanche minor is a noxious, parasitic weed native to Europe that has spread around the world. The corolla is 10-18 mm long, rarely to 20 mm, the tube more-or-less cylindrical, slightly curved downwards, opening out to lobes 2-3 mm long, to make a total width of about 10 mm at the mouth, glabrous to moderately glandular-hairy on the outside, generally glabrous within. Broomrapes attach … Appearance Orobanche minor is a fleshy, herbaceous, annual, parasitic plant that grows up to 22 in. Recent Advances in the Development and Germination of Seeds. To view permits or product labels go to the Australian Pesticides and Veterinary Medicines Authority website. 54, 923–927. The genus Orobanche in Sweden. O. minor is distinguished from the important weedy species O. ramosa and O. aegyptiaca by lack of branching and the absence of bracteoles. Garcia Torres L, 1994. Postemergence Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Control in Red Clover1. They are also well dispersed by wind and water and in mud stuck in animal's fur and feet. Das Pflanzenreich, 96(IV-261):1-275. Helia, 24(35):73-91. Diapensiaceae to Myoporaceae. ; Borg, S.J. Weed Technology, 14(2):312-320; 27 ref. Watsonia, 19(2):113-120. Imazamox application timing for small broomrape (Orobanche minor) control in red clover. Online Database, Beltsville, USA: National Germplasm Resources Laboratory. (Orobanche minor) control in red clover Hanan Eizenberg Corresponding author. Carduus chamaecephalus (stemless thistle), Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover), Ramaiah KV, 1987. Host denial through maintaining broadleaf weed free cereals, grass pastures. Although soil fu-migation with methyl-bromide has been reported to be effective (Musselman et al. Small broomrape (Orobanche minor) and egyptian broomrape (Orobanche aegyptiaca) parasitization of red clover (Trifolium pratense). The potential for biological control in the suppression of parasitic weeds. xlix + 391 pp. Chemical control of other Orobanche spp. Jones M, 1991. Box 1021, Ramat Yishay, 30095, Israel; eizenber@volcani.agri.gov.il Jed B. Colquhoun Carol A. Mallory-Smith Please note: This content may be out of date and is currently under review. in a subterranean clover pasture. Proceedings of the Second Ethiopian Weed Science Workshop, Addis Abeba, September, 1988. ©CAB International. Detailed coverage of invasive species threatening livelihoods and the environment worldwide. © Copyright 2021 CAB International. No significant impact on biodiversity has been reported for O. minor. In: Borg SJ ter, ed. Page 26 in Proceedings of the Joint Action to Control Orobanche in the WANA Region: Experiences from Morocco, Regional Workshop. Holm L, Pancho J V, Herberger J P, Plucknett D L, 1979. Further details may be available for individual references in the Distribution Table Details section which can be selected by going to Generate Report. Volume 20:356–360 Herbicide Placement Site Affects Small Broomrape (Orobanche minor) Control in Red Clover1 JED B. COLQUHOUN, HANAN EIZENBERG, and CAROL A. MALLORY-SMITH2 Abstract: Small broomrape is an annual holoparasitic weed that was recently discovered in red Wekersheim, Germany: Margraf Verlag, 135-159. Soil fumigation to kill seeds (methyl bromide or metham sodium). Progress in Orobanche research. Order XCIII. A Weed Identification Guide for Ethiopia. Garcia-Torres L, Jurado-Exposito M, Castejon-Munoz M, Lopez-Granados F, 1996. BioControl, 47(3):245-277; many ref. These stimulate germination of Orobanche in the soil, in order to deplete the seed reserve. In: Engler HGA, ed. Seed mass and seed production in British Orobanche species. O. minor has a wide natural distribution through most of Europe (excluding the extreme north), North Africa and western Asia. Difficult to control, but various options are being researched in an Australian context. USDA-ARS, 2003. 101 (908), 360-418. and Phelipanche spp.) Stroud A, Parker C, 1989. When several references are cited, they may give conflicting information on the status. Cambridge, UK: University Press. Weed Sci. Dorr I, Kollman R, 1975. Damage to the host in the studies reported so far generally appears to be proportional to the dry weight of the parasite, so that the total dry weight of the host/parasite combination equals the weight of the un-infested host. A geographical atlas of world weeds. Norambuena H, Kroschel J, Klein O, 1999. Phytochemistry, 49(7):1967-1973; 15 ref. Advances in Parasitic Weed Control at Ob-farm lkevel Vol. In: Fer A, Thalouarn P, Joel DM, Musselman LJ, Parker C, Kerkleij, eds. Orobanche spp. For other methods of control please refer to the declared plant control handbook page. Orobanchaceae. Trap crops and catch crops are used for control of Orobanche species overseas These crops stimulate germination of Orobanche in the soil to deplete the seed reserves Trap crops promote Orobanche seed germination but do not support parasitism Under a … selective control through growth of host crops after germination/attachment of branched broomrape and report it holm. Used in a lawful manner, consistent with the product 's label any contamination does! Oxford ), Brisbane, Toronto, UK ; CAB International, xx + pp., 1992 control: agronomic problems and available methods there is greater difficulty distinguishing it from other members orobanche minor control... The important weedy species O. ramosa and O. aegyptiaca by lack of and... Of date and is currently under review WA 's Agriculture and water and in mud stuck in 's... 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