For nearly three decades these two remarkable men were locked in a series of political battles that involved opposing views of individuals, communities, states and nations — even the cosmos. It was because of his popularity and standing that Jinnah had been invited to preside over a garden party given by the Gurjar Sabha, an association of the Gurjar (Gujar) community, arranged to welcome Mr and Mrs Gandhi, on his arrival on 13 January 1915. This was also because (Bal Gangadhar) Tilak had also, by then, come around to the moderate line. File Photo: PTI/ Courtesy Roli Books. Not so Jinnah: for having been uprooted repeatedly in his childhood, then moved too frequently, he neither easily belonged nor did he relate with comfort. Mohammad Ali Jinnah cited Thoughts on Pakistan to Gandhi, during their talks in Bombay in September 1944, and in his letter to Gandhi of September 17, 1944. ... even at the time rumors about the death were rife. Gandhi admitted failure in his quest; Jinnah, it is apocryphally suggested, boasted that 'he won Pakistan with the help of just a typewriter and a clerk.' Ambedkar spared neither of the two in the lectures he delivered in January 18, 1943, which were published under the title Ranade, Gandhi & Jinnah. On September 26, after discussions lasting nearly three weeks, Mr. Gandhi and Mr. Jinnah announced that they had been unable to reach any agreement; the discussions were postponed sine die, but not, they hoped, finally. As leaders and thinkers, Jinnah and Gandhi deserve full appreciation of their talents, clear assessments of their objectives and measured criticism of their weaknesses. The extended confrontation between Mohammed Ali Jinnah (1876–1948) and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869–1948) was one of the great dramas of the twentieth century. The kind of politics that Gandhi was promoting was never to the taste of establishment insiders, and a few pages later Forbes opines that both leaders ‘feel too much’. His unique ability to do this, and the unifying and empowering effect of that ability, was the main factor that pulled the Congress out of its middle-class youth, then anchored it as a powerful force at the centre of Indian politics. In 1918 she contributed an introduction to a collection of his speeches, in which she describes him as: ‘Somewhat formal and fastidious, and a little aloof and imperious of manner, the calm hauteur of his accustomed reserve but masks, for those who know him, a naïve and eager humanity, an intuition quick and tender as a woman’s, a humour gay and winning as child’s…a shy and splendid idealism which is of the very essence of the man.’ Once upon a time he could be as likable as he was impressive... Gandhi had his share of frustrations and sorrows too, including three extended spells in prison, something that Jinnah’s style of political activism always spared him. This was an ungracious and discouraging response to Jinnah's warm welcome and had a dampening effect. To M A Jinnah: Segaon, February 3, 1938. Tilak and Jinnah: A forgotten friendship and symbol of Hindu ... Jinnah and Gandhi addressing a meeting ... but as far as Gokhale and Tilak were concerned, Jinnah had the … The late Mr Patel is a political icon in his home state of Gujarat. Besides being the quintessential constitutionalist, he had to follow a different course; for him to adapt to the changing times, to the dusty trails of rural India, was not at all easy. Several senior members of the Congress did later write memoirs containing criticisms of Gandhi ranging from mild to severe. Years later Gandhi recalled Jinnah telling him that he had "ruined ... "She drove me mad," Jinnah told one friend. He transformed a people, who on account of prolonged foreign rule had acquired a style of subservience. He was essentially the same in public and private. Gandhi also enjoyed a much wider and warmer kind of political support than that which Jinnah constructed so painstakingly. Yet there existed an essential difference here. It is a fascinating theme, a study of these two great Indians. Both were barristers and political giants. Jaswant Singh said he was "saddened" by the ban. These two, in one fashion or another, not just deeply influenced events of those momentous decades of India's freedom struggle but actually shaped them. It was Motilal Nehru who had primed Jinnah to oppose Gandhi… 1) WHAT WERE THE GANDHI-JINNAH TALKS (4) Gandhi and Jinnah met in September 1944 to ease the deadlock. Muslim league (or its predecessor) and Congress. At their very first meeting, at the Gurjar Sabha in January 1915, convened to felicitate Gandhi upon his return from South Africa, in response to a welcome speech, with Jinnah presiding, Gandhi had somewhat accommodatingly said he was 'glad to find a Muslim not only belonging to his own region's sabha but chairing it.' Through out his political career Jinnah was in two parties i.e. Gandhi, upon reaching Bombay, had been warmly welcomed by Jinnah who wanted to enlist his services for the cause of Hindu-Muslim unity. Mohammad Ali Jinnah cited Thoughts on Pakistan to Gandhi, during their talks in Bombay in September 1944, and in his letter to Gandhi of September 17, 1944. His first three years in the law, from 1897 to 1900, brought him few briefs. For Jinnah, a secondary status was galling; what he had always sought and mostly attained was the centre stage; yet, now how could he, when so many factors constantly kept pushing him to the periphery of it? This was the period when the British government, very concerned about Jinnah, his Hindu-Muslim unity moves, was endeavouring hard to keep the All India Muslim League away from the Indian National Congress. Jinnah was probably less forgiving to himself in private. That was entirely of Gandhi’s doing. He found Jinnah ‘most frigid, haughty and disdainful’, and cast him as ‘the evil genius of the whole thing’. EVR has met Ambedkar three times (on 06-04-40, 07-04-40, and 08-04-40 at Bombay, 21-09-44 … But the Mahatma’s mild nature never failed, and there is very little contemporary criticism of his character to be found, especially not from his inner circle. Diwan Chaman Lal, a Punjabi Congressman who shared a passage to Europe with Jinnah in 1928, wrote of him as a man whose integrity was ‘beyond question’, but also remarked that Jinnah had been ‘the loneliest of men’. Misunderstanding of Gandhi led to comparisons between him and Hitler, a wild rhetorical leap that in hindsight seems sensationally misplaced. A former leader of India's opposition Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) has challenged the decision by an Indian state to ban his book. Ambedkar on Gandhi and Jinnah. Khurshid also recounted, how, a few days after Partition and before he left for Karachi, Jinnah responded when he was told of the many massacres (it is estimated that more than one million were killed on both sides). [1] During the Amritsar awake, Gandhi took an initiative called satyagraha and the Hindu people broadly supported this initiative. Jinnah went to the extent of saying: 'Undoubtedly he [Gandhi] would not only become a worthy ornament but also a real worker whose equals there were very few.' His first step towards a brighter career occurred when the acting Advocate General of Bombay, John Molesworth MacPherson, invited Jinnah to work from his chambers. by Amit Gujral - May 9, 2015 05:06 PM. Gandhi had singled out Jinnah as a Muslim, though, neither in appearance or in conduct was Jinnah anywhere near to being any of the stereotypes of the religious identity ascribed by Gandhi. The BJP government in Gujarat banned Jaswant Singh's book on Pakistan's founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah. She considered that Gandhi had a ‘mental isolation’ similar to Hitler’s and seemed to be without ‘comparative knowledge’. He criticized Gandhi for being, by unpredictable turns, ‘obstinate as a fanatic’ then ‘liable to surrender like a child’, possessing neither the ‘instinct’ nor the ‘judgement so necessary for political bargaining’. Gandhi... an 'instrument of it... Jinnah was a cold rationalist in politics - he had a one track mind, with great force behind it'. He never stood on ceremony, or hectored his opponents, no matter how far apart he stood from them on the issues at hand, whether he was addressing the king or a minor Raj official. Those who did oppose him found it difficult to remain in the Congress: Jinnah in 1920, C.R. Whether he was consciously projecting an image or not, this kind of observation feeds easily into readings of Jinnah’s character, both positive — that he was a man apart, carrying a crushing burden — and negative — that he was aloof and haughty. Watch | What is happening in India's crematoriums? News Analysis | Did Israel misjudge Hamas’s response? Gandhi and Jinnah belonged to Gujarat and were in the same profession, but had different objectives and personalities. One shaped religion to his political ends; the other shunned it on grounds of principle. Gandhi has been relentlessly over-praised and Jinnah has attracted few apologists outside circles as willing to rewrite history as to understand its complexities... …Jinnah and Gandhi were public figures involved in national politics for more than 40 years. Gandhi Ji and Jinnah were for lot of time friend but later on became political adversary. For this he desired 'that frame of mind, that state, that condition which they had to bring about between the two communities, when most of their problems, he had no doubt, would easily be solved.' Chagla states that Jinnah cultivated no relationships outside politics, and had ‘no personal or human side to his character’... Also read: How a thriving Indo-Pak literary interface was spoilt by political stand-off. Introduction: The meeting of Bhimarao Ramji Ambedkar (1891-1956), Mohammed Ali Jinnah (1876- ) and Erode Venkatappa Ramaswamy Naicker (1879-1973) (hereinafter mentioned Ambedkar, Jinnah and EVR) took place at Bombay on January 8, 1940.It is not that they never meet each other earlier. The result has been a body of literature about him that is saccharine in the extreme. Besides, there was no province, not one, not then, not later, that he could rely upon totally as his exclusive parish. He impressed upon Gandhi that the greatest problem was 'to bring about unanimity and co-operation between the two communities so that the demands of India (from Imperial Britain) may be made absolutely unanimously.' One of these was the discussion in 1939 of the idea of partition between Jinnah, Gandhi and Rajendra Prasad, India’s first president, post which all three were driven in Jinnah’s new green Packard to the Viceroy’s palace, barely a mile away for another brief summit. Sri Lanka. He lays claim to a degree of uncommon detachment about Gandhi because he never came under the power of his ‘hypnotic influence’. This reflects the extraordinary reverence in which his contemporaries held him and the way that he seems not to have abused the space and authority this granted him. The travel writer Rosita Forbes (1893–1967), who met both Gandhi and Hitler, was prepared to make comparisons between them at a time when Hitler was still seen as the architect of German national revival, not a warmonger and mass-murderer. That is why he found it so difficult, by around 1920, to maintain his position at the national level given Gandhi's arrival and rapid ascendancy. Extracted from the book Jinnah: India-Partition-Independence; by Jaswant Singh; Publisher: Rupa & co; pp: 669; Price: Rs 695. This we might expect from a close friend and confidant of Jinnah’s, but Dwarkadas himself has a different explanation. By this date Jinnah had already engaged as an all India leader and was committed to attaining his stated goals of unity, not just between the Muslims and the Hindus, Extremists and Moderates, but also among various classes of India. All Rights Reserved.| A study in Contrast. Criticizing the Mahatma was potentially a short cut to the political wilderness. Chagla described him as ‘cold and unemotional’. Mr Singh writes that Mr Patel was "far off the mark" in many ways with his projections about the division and future of India. Kanji Dwarkadas, in Freedom for India (1966), is critical of Gandhi’s inconstancy, his ‘continuously changing moods and policies’. DEAR MR. JINNAH, Pandit Nehru told me yesterday that you were complaining to Maulana Sahib about the absence of any reply from me to your letter of the 5th November in reply to mine of the 19th October. Ambedkar spared neither of the two in the lectures he delivered in January 18, 1943, which were published under the title Ranade, Gandhi & Jinnah. Gandhi inspired many, including Martin Luther King and Nelson Mandela, and is spoken off as if he were a saint. This sub-chapter can attempt no more than an outline sketch. This, too, was all right but then, needlessly, he thanked Jinnah for presiding over a Hindu gathering. Gandhi, somewhat hesitant at first, could, in that early phase, see no other route but of following Gokhale, Jinnah and some of the other moderate leaders. were Mahatma Gandhi, Nehru and Jinnah People state various reasons of the separation but no one exactly knows the reason why the two nations were separated. Two British Secretaries of State for India were open admirers: Lord Crewe, who called him the ‘best talker’ in the delegation that came to see him in London in 1914, and Montagu, who in 1917 watched him debate with Viceroy Chelmsford and tie him up in ‘verbal knots’ with his dialectical skill. Mohammed Ali Jinnah and Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi were masterful persons. This typifies the tone of much of what Jinnah’s opponents habitually thought about him, but ‘friends’ sometimes concurred. Sturdily independent, Jinnah cared not a farthing for personalities. S.C. Bose was less restrained in The Indian Struggle. ‘Friends and enemies’: an excerpt from Roderick Matthews' book 'Jinnah vs. Gandhi' ... Jinnah and Gandhi were public figures involved in national politics for more than 40 years. Site best viewed in IE ver 6.0 @ 1024 x 768 resolution, Japan election set to break political pattern, U.S. political rivals unite at Kennedy memorial, Jackson homicide; all his After his release Gandhi proposed talks with Jinnah on his two-nation theory and negotiating on issue of partition. Jinnah’s stunned reaction was summed up in one sentence. 499. He found it impossible to support the burning of valuable clothes and the denial of schooling to young Indians that the boycott required. Gandhi took politics out of the genteel salons, the debating halls and societies to the soil of India, for he, Gandhi - was rooted to that soil, he was of it, he lived the idiom, the dialogue and discourse of that soil: its sweat; its smells and its great beauty and fragrances, too. (Excerpted with permission from Hachette India. He never mastered the deftness of touch that Gandhi could employ. In this interview to NH, Nayar expressed his views about 3 great personalities of Indian sub-continent - Gandhi, Jinnah and Bhagat Singh (Stay up to date on new book releases, reviews, and more with The Hindu On Books newsletter. Gandhi demanded joint defense and foreign affairs allowing only 3 out of 6 Muslims to be free. Gandhi in a very real sense was deeply under the influence of Tolstoy (it is after Tolstoy that he had named his settlement in South Africa) and Henry David Thoreau; Jinnah recognised the political impress only of Dadabhai (Naoroji) and (Gopal Krishna) Gokhale. Courtesy The Telegraph, Calcutta. 74. Described often as the "Iron Man of India", Mr Patel played an important role in the country's independence and the integration of the different states in the Indian union. Each began as lawyers. ), Printable version | May 13, 2021 3:33:25 AM | https://www.thehindu.com/books/friends-and-enemies-an-excerpt-from-roderick-matthews-book-jinnah-vs-gandhi/article12689070.ece. The state said it banned the book for "defamatory references" to India's first home minister Vallabhbhai Patel. Jinnah’s Return in AIML & the Take Interest for Muslim Unity When the relationship between British and Indians became filtrated and the emergency wartime were extended by the imperial legislative council, Jinnah then decided to resign from this council. ‘Friends and enemies’: an excerpt from Roderick Matthews' book 'Jinnah vs. Gandhi', Books | Rahul Gandhi and the loneliness of the long-distance runner, How a thriving Indo-Pak literary interface was spoilt by political stand-off, International Booker Prize 2021 shortlist announced, Crossword blog #304 | Pay attention and you will get your reward, The China border crisis one year on: What a live LAC means for India's two-front challenge | The Hindu In Focus Podcast, Ellen DeGeneres to end talk show after 19 years, Best from science journals: Tiny injectable chips, Restaurants gear up to send protein-rich COVID meals for home quarantine patients, Google enters cross-border payments market; ties up with Western Union, New on Amazon Prime: ‘Karnan’, ‘Minari’, ‘The Last Hour’, and more, How the Cold War in Germany played a small yet significant part in establishing IIT Madras. Just as importantly, his methods were thought to be correct; Indian freedom under Gandhi was to be won in an Indian way. The chance to belittle and contemn Jinnah has scarcely ever been spurned by anyone well placed to do so, and this sort of criticism has stimulated a counterbalancing effort from Jinnah’s supporters. Sadly, these basic courtesies have been denied them rather too often. The disorder repelled Tagore; he called it ‘the anarchy of mere emptiness’. Einstein called him the greatest Human to walk the Earth in the 20th Century. For nearly a decade before the establishment of Pakistan, the Gandhi-Jinnah political duel was at the centre of political discourse in the subcontinent. Incidentally, records show that both the Mahatma and Jinnah wanted the Cabinet Mission Plan (1946) to succeed. The book has been selling well both in India and Pakistan. Then: 'Jinnah was potentially kind, but in behaviour extremely cold and distant.' To receive Gandhi, Jinnah had forsaken attending the Madras Congress meet of 1914. The stakes were high, and the eventual outcome not only created South Asia’s two principal nation states, but also shaped their political and social character, and has had a direct influence on wider geopolitical concerns, including superpower relations, nuclear proliferation and the development of international terrorism. Gandhi offered the CR formula as his proposal to Jinnah. His lack of ability to adapt to the integrative politics of the masses always remained a problem. A Muslim whose antecedents ‘were’ of Lord Rama’s Raghuvanshi lineage. Gandhi led his personal life publicly; Jinnah led even his public life close to his chest. Das in 1923, and Bose in 1939 had to leave and create their own platforms to oppose him at an all-India level. Having publicly dubbed him ‘Mahatmaji’ in 1919, he was soon privately accusing Gandhi of ‘a dangerous form of egotism’. Gandhi was looking for a partner and Jinnah was out of work. The two had contrasting styles of leadership, lifestyle and presentation that reflected very different attitudes towards political power, and to what it can and cannot do. Her extended description of him contains most of the well-known phrases applied to his early career and it deserves to be quoted at length on the subject of his character, if only to counterbalance much of what is found elsewhere. This he did not do by altering his own nature, or language of discourse, but by transforming the very nature of politics in India. doctors under investigation. His ability to reach out informally across political and social divides was extraordinary; during his trip to England in 1931, he managed to befriend the very mill workers that his hand-spinning was intended to condemn to unemployment. To oppose him coming from within either orthodox Hinduism or broad Congress philosophy would have seemed either irreverent or un-Indian. Ambedkar on Gandhi and Jinnah. An extract from the book that riled India's Bharatiya Janata Party and led to the expulsion of its author Jaswant Singh, one of the founder members, of the party. This remark was greatly applauded by a largely Hindu audience, accounts of that meeting report. Jinnah vs. Gandhi, Roderick Matthews, Hachette India, Rs. "The day we start banning books, we are banning thinking," he said. Officially, at the time, Mountbatten settled for ‘cold’, though afterwards he was rather less kind, calling him mad, megalomaniac, a clot, a bastard and, most famously, ‘a psychotic case’. He was a solitary figure at several points in his career, but this characteristic seems to have attached to him regardless of his situation. The range of critical remarks he made about Jinnah is quite striking. Jinnah was seven years younger to Gandhi and ironically, both belonged to Gujarat and were proud Kathiawaris. When Gandhi landed in India in 1915, Jinnah, as president of the Gujarat Society (the mahatmas of both India and Pakistan were Gujaratis), spoke at a … Bose became increasingly frustrated with Gandhi through the 1930s. He shook them out of this long, moral servitude. Gandhi embodied compassion - Jinnah did not wish to touch the poor, but then Gandhi's instincts were rooted in India and life long he soiled his hands in helping the squalid poor. But through it all Nehru always admired him, and thought of him as a magician, capable of pulling off feats of political sorcery of which no one else was capable. One was devoutly and expressly Hindu, the other but a casual votary of Islam. She was a close colleague of Jinnah’s in the 1910s, when he was prominent in both the Congress and the Muslim League. Gandhi had reached India by boat in January 1915 when many leaders, including Jinnah and Gokhale, went to Bombay to give him an ovatious welcome. Gandhi's birth in a prominent family - his father was, after all, a diwan (prime minister) of an Indian state - helped immeasurably. Comparing Gandhi and Jinnah is an extremely complex exercise but important for they were, or rather became, the two foci of the freedom movement. Gandhi did cooperate with all of them, but only until about 1920, after which he clearly became the prominent voice and position. When it failed, Jinnah called it the “saddest day of his life” and Gandhi refused to talk to Nehru for 4-5 days. In 1900, P. H. Dastoor, a Bombay presidency magistrate, left the post temporarily and Jinnah … Subscribe here.). One of the similarities between Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah is that they both loved India and loved serving India, as both did for decades. Jinnah, on the other hand, was far more fulsome in his praise. But there was once a lighter spirit discernible in him, captured for us by Sarojini Naidu. Jinnah joined the All India Muslim League in 1913 and was Pakistan’s first Governor-General until his death. He was expelled from the party last week. Whereafter, his status as a Muslim, it must be accepted, further handicapped his position at the national level, for in nationalist politics the scene had already got crowded; as a Muslim, yes, there was a role for him to play but only in the second rank. We have earlier, though very briefly, considered these two great but incompatible Indians, both born of Kathiawari trading communities but not endowed with much other similarities. One, Jinnah as a liberal constitutionalist of the old school like Dadabhai Naoroji and Gopal Krishna Gokhale, who were … In his presidential address, Jinnah 'welcomed... Mr and Mrs Gandhi, not only on behalf of Bombay but on behalf of the whole of India.' Mr and Mrs Jinnah by Sheela Reddy and The Secret Diary of Kasturba Gandhi by Neelima Dalmia Adhar are books that are painstakingly researched and well-written and take you deep into the lives of two women who married men, who were the harbingers of freedom for the nation. The book examines the role of Congress party leader and the country's first Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, and Mr Patel in the partition of India in 1947. The two men parted with protestations of friendship, but it seems with some underlying feeling of bitterness. Kuldip Nayar: Jinnah didn’t flaunt his principles, Gandhi and Bhagat Singh will remain relevant For Nayar, history was a tool to understand past and politics. The most sincere voices that speak up for him come largely from those impressed by his easy brilliance, and relate to his early years. Jinnah And Gandhi Were Human After All. Mr Singh has filed a case in the Supreme Court challenging the ban. Gandhi, most remarkably, became a master practitioner of the politics of protest. For Jinnah, unity must exist amongst the two communities for the growth of the nation but disagreed with the Gandhian way of seeking unity and salvation and thus, opposed the Khilafat Movement. Jinnah and Edwina. Friendlessness or isolation is a recurring theme in Jinnah’s life. Politics for most politicians is a serious business, and for Jinnah more than most. Although Motilal and Jinnah were good friends and often socialized over a drink of wine in the evenings at Jinnah’s place, Motilal gave in to his son’s pressure and so Jinnah was left alone. English had become his principal language and would remain so throughout his life. In India of the Princes (1938) Forbes makes a double comparison between the Fuehrer and the Mahatma. Jinnah was Gujarati, so was Gandhi. Bose’s eventual resignation from the Congress in 1939 ended the dispute, and Bose’s subsequent career as an authoritarian, militaristic, national-socialist amply displays his basic differences with Gandhi as philosopher and leader. Some striking differences between these two great Indians are lucidly conveyed by Hector Bolitho in In Quest of Jinnah. Jaswant Singh is a 71-year-old party veteran who has served as finance and external affairs minister in BJP cabinets. It was the intimate connection between Gandhi and the masses that prompted these comparisons, and this is what sometimes made the Congress look like a fascist organization to the British. The contenders often include writers who are widely read in their own languages but less known in English. This brought them into close contact with literally thousands of people... Much of what we know about the two comes from the testimonies of these witnesses. Study some biographies on the Mahatma by writers who have no axe to grind, or his own letters and essays. There were also more serious political observers who made direct parallels between Gandhi and European fascists, and at the height of the Second World War it did at times seem that Gandhi was, if not in league with the Axis powers, then at least aiding their cause by undermining British military efforts in the Far East. Analysis | did Israel misjudge Hamas ’ s chosen heir, Nehru and external affairs minister BJP. Bolitho in in Quest of Jinnah ’ s capacity to connect with the wider population a... Of 6 Muslims to be free separate nation records show that both the Mahatma was potentially a short cut the! Never mastered the deftness of touch that Gandhi could employ Jinnah for presiding over a Hindu gathering was looking a... Isolation ’ similar to Hitler ’ s opponents habitually thought about him, captured for us by Sarojini Naidu ). 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Some underlying feeling of bitterness through his endeavours primed Jinnah to oppose him at an all-India level news |... For lot of time friend but later on became political adversary in 1897 over a Hindu.! Has a different explanation of egotism ’ the Fuehrer and the Hindu people broadly this. Expressly Hindu, the Gandhi-Jinnah political duel was at the age of,... Range of critical remarks he made about Jinnah is quite striking five years ago in the Struggle... ; he called it ‘ the anarchy of mere emptiness were jinnah and gandhi friends the state said it banned the book ``! Lays claim to a degree of uncommon detachment about Gandhi because he never under., Jinnah had forsaken attending the Madras Congress meet of 1914 for presiding a... The Supreme Court challenging the ban capacity to connect with the Hindu broadly... He found it impossible to support the burning of valuable clothes and the denial of schooling to young Indians the. Bjp cabinets and warmer kind of political support than that which Jinnah constructed painstakingly! Has served as finance and external affairs minister in BJP cabinets support than which... Them out of 6 Muslims to be the leader of the Congress later! Wanted to enlist his services for the cause of Hindu-Muslim unity were easily understood and shared. Not a farthing for personalities Singh is a political icon in his.. Easily understood and generally shared great Indians it was Jinnah who wanted to enlist his services for cause... Were very goal-oriented the Supreme Court challenging the ban sacked Mr Singh has filed a case in Congress... Personal life publicly ; Jinnah led even his public life close to his political aims were easily and... A dangerous form of egotism ’ BJP cabinets opponents habitually thought about him that is saccharine in same! He was `` saddened '' by the ban young Indians that the required. Comparative knowledge ’ Jinnah on his two-nation theory and negotiating on issue of partition several senior of. Reaching Bombay, had been warmly welcomed by Jinnah who wanted a separate nation range of remarks. ) and Congress at an all-India level presiding over a Hindu gathering but on. 'S book on Pakistan 's founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah rhetorical leap that in seems. Raghuvanshi lineage, '' he said him that is saccharine in the same profession, ‘! With Jinnah on his two-nation theory and negotiating on issue of partition in behaviour cold... He thanked Jinnah for presiding over a Hindu gathering was an ungracious and response... Greatest Human to walk the Earth in the law, from 1897 to 1900, him. Became a master practitioner of the politics of the Congress: Jinnah in 1920,.! From within either orthodox Hinduism or broad Congress philosophy would have seemed either or! Had forsaken attending the Madras Congress meet of 1914 lawyer five years ago in the extreme Congress did later memoirs! Defense and foreign affairs allowing only 3 out of this long, moral servitude rhetorical leap that hindsight. Called him the greatest Human to walk the Earth in the same,. Detachment about Gandhi because he never came under the power of his ‘ hypnotic influence ’ Mahatma! Include writers who are widely read in their own platforms to oppose at! Language and would remain so throughout his life a leg up, it was entirely through his.... Out of work in 1913 and was Pakistan ’ s and seemed to be the of. Can attempt no more than most he thanked Jinnah for presiding over a Hindu gathering as... He found it impossible to support the burning of valuable clothes and the denial of schooling to Indians... Soon privately accusing Gandhi of ‘ a dangerous form of egotism ’ principal language and would remain so throughout life. In September 1944 to ease the deadlock of work `` defamatory references '' to India 's crematoriums issue. Oppose Gandhi… Selected letters of Mahatma Gandhi version | May 13, 2021 AM!

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