Suvarna VC, Boby VU: Probiotics in human health: A current assessment. added to breast milk or formula, once a day, starting with the first feed until discharged. Relative risk and risk difference for death and stage ⩾2 NEC were 0.70 (95% confidence interval: 0.32 to 1.53) and −0.04 (95% confidence interval: −0.12 to 0.05), respectively. The incidence of NEC was not significantly lower in the probiotics group than in the control group (5.8 vs 9%, respectively; P=0.447). A total of 16 infants died during the first 7-day period after enrollment and were excluded. It has been suggested that the growth of pathogens might be prevented by inducing the colonization of the intestine non-pathogenic bacteria (probiotics) of species normally resident in the gut of preterm and term infants (Dani et al., 2002). Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2012; 36: 363-369. (2005) reported a decrease in NEC, NEC plus mortality and severity of NEC, following probiotics L. acidophilus and B. infantis (Infloran), prophylaxis in a prospective, randomized blinded study. 2. Pediatrics 122, 693–700. We observed no cases of sepsis or other adverse effects, such as diarrhea, flatulence attributable to L. sporogenes administration. In contrast, the intestine of the preterm infant tends to be colonized by different microorganisms, predominantly by coliforms, enterococci and by bacteroides species. Immune effects of probiotics. Pediatrics 115, 1–4. The authors declare no conflict of interest. None of the L. sporogenes-supplemented fed infants died from NEC; we could not find significant difference in severity of NEC or in mortality rate attributable to NEC between the probiotics and control groups. Necrotizing enterocolitis: a practitioner's perspective. Reports suggest that probiotic use should be avoided in immune-compromised patients, due to the probability of adverse effects like fungaemia and bacterimia 17. Correspondence to Probiotics. The incidence of urinary tract infection, bacterial sepsis and NEC were examined as outcome measures. None of the infants with asphyxia had NEC. Oral probiotics: Lactobacillus sporogenes for prevention of necrotizing enterocolitis in very low-birth weight infants: a randomized, controlled trial. (2020), Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews L. monocytogenes vegetative cells provide a better target for bacteriocin action than do C. botulinum spores. Please be aware that you should take lactobacillus + streptococcus faecalis + clostridium butyricum + bacillus mesentricus only if a doctor has recommended or prescribed it. Vevey/Lippincott-Raven: Philadelphia, pp 229–241. Patients were assigned into the test and control groups in alternate pattern. Findings of the studies conducted in other countries cannot be extrapolated to the paediatric population of Indian subcontinent. One sachet of the probiotic Latobacillus sporogenes containing 150 million spores was mixed with water and administered three times a day and continued for three days. Probiotics and necrotising enterocolitis in premature infants. In all, 62 patients completed the study. The isolates in sample B contained L. sporogenes, C. butyricum, S. faecalis, B. mesentericus, sample D contained L. acidophilus, S. boulardii, L. rhamnosus and B. longum and sample V consisted of L. sporogenes, as stated on the product label. All © 2014 are reserved by International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. There was no statistical significant difference in the mean duration of hospital stay between the two groups. have been used to reduce the incidence of NEC in clinical trials. Lin HC, Su BH, Chen AC, Lin TW, Tsai CH, Yeh TF et al. To recommend a particular species of probiotic, it first needs to be evaluated in randomized controlled trials in the targeted population. endstream endobj startxref The types of mild-moderate side effects that have been typically associated with probiotics include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramps or flatulence18. Profile of Side Effect occurrence in study groups: No serious side-effects with the use of probiotic were reported during the study. Dinleyici EC, Eren M, Ozen M, Yargic ZA and Vandenplas Y: Effectiveness and safety of Saccharomyces boulardii for acute infectious diarrhea. Duration of mechanical ventilation, antibiotic treatment, umbilical venous catheterization, parenteral nutrition, type of feeding and age at the beginning of feeding and the duration of L. sporogenes were also recorded. Thus, Lactobacillus sporogenes had no effect on the duration of hospital stay and the duration of diarrhoea. We, thus, hypothesized that L. sporogenes supplementation could reduce the incidence and severity of NEC in VLBW infants. Oral probiotics prevent necrotizing enterocolitis in very low birth weight preterm infants: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. The allocations were contained in opaque, sequentially numbered sealed envelopes. Google Scholar. A total of 221 infants completed the study protocol. In addition, a meta-analysis by Dinleyici et al also demonstrated a significantly greater reduction in hospital stay with the addition of Sacchromyces boulardii to the diarrhoea treatment 16. The relative risk and risk difference with its confidence interval were calculated for primary outcome. Thus, the only personnel who knew of the infants' group assignments were the investigators and those in the breast-milk team who were not involved in the care of the study infants. To evaluate this possibility, we planned a prospective, blinded, randomized controlled study. The reduction in the frequency of diarrhoea was significantly greater in the test group compared to the control (Figure 2). The main effect of orally administered L. sporogenes is in the gastrointestinal tract, and so L. sporogenes alone cannot overcome the invasive procedures including infection. Huang JS, Bousvaros A, Lee JW, Diaz A and Davidson EJ: Efficacy of probiotic use in acute diarrhoea in children: a meta-analysis. So the results and conclusions of this study should be seen as preliminary, and further studies should be performed to identify the ideal strain, single or multiple probiotics supplementation, optimal dose and length of treatment required to prevent NEC. Secondary outcomes were culture-proven sepsis without NEC, grades 3–4 intraventricular hemorrhage, feeding intolerance (number and length of the episodes intolerance), feeding amount per week, days to reach full enteral feeding and weight gain per week.

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