They existed until 1912. The federal courts of appeals are intermediate courts, between the district courts (the federal trial courts) and the Supreme Court. The membership consists of High Court Judges, Circuit Judges, District Judges, law practitioners and academic lawyers.

This article is about the pre-1912 system.

", "First State Judiciary – Court of Chancery Welcome! A few states have two separate supreme courts, with one having authority over civil matters and the other reviewing criminal cases. Although any district court judge could be authorized to act as a circuit judge, only fifty judges solely designated as circuit court judges were ever appointed. [3], The system is overseen by the Lord Chancellor. Appeals from the Court lie to the High Court on the civil side and the Court of Criminal Appeal on the criminal side. The designation of circuits served only for the purpose of designating the districts in which a particular Supreme Court Justice, and later a circuit judge, would sit on the circuit court. Circuit – Home", "Website of the United States Court of International Trade", "Federal Judicial History | Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court", "United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit", "U.S. Court of Appeals for the Armed Forces", "USCAVC – United States Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims", "Records of the United States Commerce Court", "Alabama Judicial System Online – Supreme Court", "Alabama Judicial System Online – Court of Civil Appeals", "Alabama Judicial System Online – Court of Criminal Appeals", Alabama Unified Judicial System Structure, "Alabama Judicial System Online – Court of the Judiciary – Overview", "Northern District of Alabama Internet Site NDAL", "United States District Court – Middle Alabama", "Alabama Southern District Court – US District Court", "U.S. District Court for the District of Alaska Home Page", "General Information About the Justice Courts", "United States District Court Arkansas Eastern District", "United States District Court – Western District of Arkansas", "California Courts: Courts: Supreme Court", "California Courts: Courts: Courts of Appeal", "California Courts: Courts: Superior Courts", "United States District Court - CASD - Welcome to CASD", "United States District Court for the District of Colorado", Website of the United States District Court for the District of Connecticut, "First State Judiciary – Supreme Court Welcome! More generally, some modern circuit courts may also refer to a court that merely holds trials for cases of multiple locations in some rotation. ", "IN.gov/judiciary/appeals :: Indiana Court of Appeals", "Welcome to the Website of the Indiana Tax Court", "Northern District of Indiana – United States District Court", "U.S. District Court – Southern District of Indiana", "US District Court | Northern District of Iowa", "Kansas Judicial Branch – Court of Appeals", "Kansas Judicial Branch – District Courts", "Kansas Judicial Branch – Municipal Courts", "United States District Court – Western District of Kentucky", "U.S. District Court – Eastern District of Louisiana", "Maine Judicial Branch: Specialized Court", "United States District Court – District of Maine", "U.S. District Court District of Maryland", Federal Judicial History: Federal Courts of the District of Columbia, "Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court – Home Page", "Superior Court Department – Main Information Page", "District Court Department – Main Information Page", "Boston Municipal Court Department – Main Information Page", "Land Court Department – Main Information Page", "Housing Court Department – Main Information Page", "Juvenile Court Department – Main Information Page", "Probate and Family Court Department – Main Information Page", "Massachusetts Division of Labor Relations – Home Page", "United States District Court – District of Massachusetts", "United States District Court – Eastern District of Michigan", "United States District Court – Western District of Michigan", Minnesota Judicial Branch Supreme Court website, Minnesota Judicial Branch Court of Appeals website, Minnesota Judicial Branch District Courts website, "Minnesota Workers' Compensation Court of Appeals", "United States District Court – District of Minnesota", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Supreme Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Court of Appeals", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Chancery Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Circuit Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – County Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Justice Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Drug Court", "State of Mississippi Judiciary – Youth Court", "U.S. District Court : Northern Mississippi", "Welcome to the Western District of Missouri", "Montana Asbestos Court created to take on hundreds of unresolved cases", "Nebraska Workers' Compensation Court – Homepage", "Small Claims Self-Help for the State of Nebraska", "U.S. District Court – District of Nevada – Home", "USDC – District of New Hampshire – Welcome", http://www.nmcourts.gov/othercourts/nmmagistratecourts.html, "United States Courts – District of New Mexico", "New York State Court of Appeals Home Page", "U.S. District Court – Northern District of New York", "U.S. District Court • Southern District of New York", U.S. District Court for the Western District of New York, "Welcome to the Eastern District of North Carolina", "US District Court, Northern District of Ohio", "United States District Court – Southern District of Ohio", "US District Court – Western District of Oklahoma", "U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Pennsylvania, Clerk's Office", "Welcome to the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of PA", "Rhode Island Judiciary Supreme Court Homepage", "Rhode Island Judiciary Superior Court Homepage", "Rhode Island Judiciary District Court Homepage", "Rhode Island Judiciary Family Court Homepage", "Rhode Island Judiciary Workers' Compensation Court Homepage", "Rhode Island Judiciary Traffic Homepage", "United States District Court, District of Rhode Island Home Page", National Center for State Courts – Tennessee Court Structure, "Tennessee Council of Juvenile and Family Court Judges", "US District Courts – Eastern District of Tennessee", "United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee", "Welcome to the official site of the Supreme Court of Texas!

In 1789, the United States circuit courts were United States federal courts established in each federal judicial district. Since each circuit court was initially staffed by sharing judges between the U.S. Supreme Court and each federal district court, the district court clerk usually acted as the circuit court clerk. For example, the Fifth Circuit includes Texas, Louisiana, and Mississippi. ", "First State Judiciary – Court of Common Pleas Welcome!

Their appellate jurisdiction is now exercised by the United States courts of appeals, which were known as the United States circuit courts of appeals from their establishment in 1894 until 1947. Oregon Circuit Courts (36 courts, one for each county, administratively divided between 27 judicial districts) Oregon Justice Courts [268] Oregon Municipal Courts [269] In the Republic of Ireland the Circuit Court is part of the Courts of First Instance, senior to the District Court but junior to the High Court (Ireland). The United States circuit courts were the original intermediate level courts of the United States federal court system. The District of Columbia was not enumerated among the federal "circuits" at the time. [1] Riding circuit took a great deal of time (about half of the year) and was both physically demanding and dangerous. Many U.S. states have state courts called "circuit courts." Several Hollywood films such as A Few Good Men (1992) and Runaway Jury (2003) are set around its courts.

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